G-20 Summit, 2023

 Ahelee Mukherjee





India's G20 Presidency will work to promote this universal sense of one-ness. Hence our theme - 'One Earth, One Family, One Future'” – Prime Minister, , Narendra Modi

December 1st, 2022 is a momentous day as India assumed the presidency of the G20 forum, taking over from Indonesia. As the largest democracy in the world, and the fastest growing economy, India’s G20 presidency will play a crucial role in building upon the significant achievements of the previous 17 presidencies.

As it takes the G20 Presidency, India is on a mission to bring about a shared global future for all through the Amrit Kaal initiative with a focus on the LiFE movement which aims to promote environmentally-conscious practices and a sustainable way of living. With a clear plan and a development-oriented approach, India aims to promote a rules-based order, peace and just growth for all.

India’s G20 Presidency:

India will convene the G20 Leaders' Summit for the first time in 2023, as 43 Heads of Delegations- the largest ever in the G20–will participate in the final New Delhi Summit in September later this year. As a nation committed to democracy and multilateralism, India's presidency will be a significant milestone as it seeks to find practical global solutions for the benefit of all and embody the idea of "Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam," or "the world is one family."

The G20 Summit is held annually with a rotating presidency, and in 2023, India will hold the presidency. The group does not have a permanent secretariat and is supported by the previous, current, and future holders of the presidency, known as the troika. In 2023, the troika consists of Indonesia, Brazil, and India.

This summit will conclude a series of meetings throughout the year, with potential host cities for meetings from December 2022 to February 2023 including Bengaluru, Chandigarh, Chennai, Guwahati, Indore, Jodhpur, Khajuraho, Kolkata, Lucknow, Mumbai, Pune, Rann of Kutch, Surat, Thiruvananthapuram, and Udaipur.

Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam, which translates to "One Earth, One Family, One Future," is the theme of India's G20 presidency. It is inspired from the Maha Upanishad, an old Sanskrit scripture. The theme fundamentally highlights the importance of all life—human, animal, plant, and microorganism—as well as their interdependence on Earth and across the universe. The theme also exemplifies LiFE (Lifestyle for Environment), which highlights the importance of environmentally sustainable and responsible lifestyle choices, both at the individual and national level, in creating a cleaner, greener, and bluer future.

The G20 Presidency also heralds for India the start of "Amritkaal," a 25-year period commencing from the 75th anniversary of its independence on August 15, 2022, leading up to the centenary of its independence.

Members of G-20 Summit

Argentina- President, Alberto Fernández

Australia- Prime Minister, Anthony Albanese

Brazil- President, Liuz Inacio Lula da Silva

Canada- Prime Minister, Justin Trudeau

China- Premier, Li Qiang

France- President, Emmanuel Macron

Germany- Chancellor, Olaf Scholz

Indonesia- President, Joko Widodo

Italy- Prime Minister, Giorgia Meloni

Japan- Prime Minister, Fumio Kishida

Mexico- Minister of Finance, Raquel Buenrosto Sanchez

South Korea- President, Yoon Suk-yeol

Russia- Foreign Minister, Sergey Lavrov

Saudi Arabia- Crown Prince and Prime Minister, Mohammed Bin Salman

South Africa- President, Cyril Ramaphosa

Turkey- President, Recap Tayyip Erdoğan

United Kingdom- Prime Minister, Rishi Sunak

U.S.A- President, Joe Biden

European Union- President of EU Commission, Ursula von der Leyen

European Union- President of European Council, Charles Michel

 

Guests of G-20 Summit

Bangladesh- Prime Minister, Sheikh Hasina

Comoros- President, Azali Assoumani

Egypt- President, Abdul Fattah el-Sisi

Mauritius- Prime Minister, Preavind Jugnauth

Netherlands- Prime Minister, Mark Rutter

Nigeria- President, Bola Tinubu

Oman- Deputy Prime Minister, Asa'ad bin Tariq

Singaore- Prime Minister, Lee Hsien Loong

Spain- Deputy Prime Minister, Nadia Calvino

U.A.E- President, Mohammad bin Zayed Al Nahyan

G20 Summit Day 1: September

9:30-10:30- Arrival of leaders and heads of delegations at the Summit Venue, Bharat Mandapam Welcome photograph with the Prime Minister at Tree of Life Foyer, Level 2, Bharat Mandapam Leaders and heads of delegation assemble in Leaders' Lounge, Level 2, Bharat Mandapam.

10:30-13:30- Session 1: One Earth at Summit Hall, Level 2, Bharat Mandapam working.

LUNCH 13:30-15:00- Bilateral meetings at Level 1, Bharat Mandapam.

15:00-16:45- Session II: One Family at Summit Hall, Level 2, Bharat. Mandapam Return to hotels.

19:00-20:00- Arrival of leaders and heads of delegation for dinner Welcome photograph on arrival.

20:00-21:15- Conversation over.

DINNER 21:10-21:45- Leaders and heads of delegation assemble in Leaders' Lounge, Level 2, Bharat Mandapam

Departure for hotels from South or West Plaza.

G20 Summit Day 2: September

8:15-09:00- Arrival of leaders and heads of delegations at Rajghat (in individual motorcades) Signing of Peace Wall inside the Leaders' Lounge at Rajghat.

9:00-9:20- Laying of wreaths at Mahatma Gandhi's Samadhi Live performance of Mahatma Gandhi's favourite devotional songs 920 Leaders and heads of delegations move to Leaders' Longe Departure for Bharat Mandapam in individual motorcades.

9:40-10:15- Arrival of leaders and heads of delegation at Bharat Mandapam.

10:15-10:28- Tree planting ceremony at South Plaza, Level 2, Bharat Mandapam

10:30-12:30- Session III: One Future at Summit Hall, Level 2, Bharat Mandapam Adoption of the New Delhi Leaders' Declaration.

Objectives of the Summit

As leaders of G-20 the Premier global Forum for International Economic Cooperation resolve to act in concrete ways through partnership. They commit to:-

a) Accelerate strong sustainable, balanced and inclusive growth.

b) Accelerate the full and effective implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.

c) Improve access to medical counter measures and facilitate more supplies and production capacities in developing counties to prepare better for future health emergencies.

d) Promote resilient growth by urgently and effectively addressing debt vulnerabilities in developing countries.

e) Scale up financing from all sources for accelerating progress on SDGs.

f) Accelerate efforts and enhance resources towards achieving the Paris Agreement, including its temperature goal.

g) Persue reforms for better, bigger and more effective Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) to address global challenges to maximise development impacts.

h) Improve access to digital services and digital public infrastructure and leverage digital transformation opportunities to boost sustainable and inclusive growth.

i) Promote sustainable, quality, healthy, safe and gainful employment.

j) Close gender gaps and promote the full, equal effective and meaningful participation of women in the economy as decision makers.

Through these actions today, we are building towards a system that better empowers countries to address global challenges is human centric and brings prosperity and well being to humanity.

Nevertheless, the G20 did endorse a goal to triple global renewable energy capacity and emphasized the necessity for emissions to peak before 2025. Additionally, the Declaration acknowledged that limiting global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius (2.7 degrees Fahrenheit) necessitates a 43 percent reduction in greenhouse gases by 2030 compared to 2019 levels.

The G20 New Delhi Leaders’ Declaration also featured commitments to mainstream Lifestyle for Environment (LiFE), implement sustainable energy transitions, provide sustainable finance, reaffirm the pursuit of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), address plastic pollution, preserve the ocean-based economy, and more. Additionally, the summit witnessed the launch of the Global Biofuel Alliance (GBA), a new organization aimed at promoting the development and adoption of sustainable biofuels, along with the establishment of relevant standards and certification.

Bilateral meetings on the sidelines

During the 2023 New Delhi G20 Summit, Prime Minister Modi engaged in a series of bilateral meetings with world leaders. He symbolically handed over the G20 presidential gavel to Brazilian President Lula, expressing confidence in India’s successor to promote global unity and prosperity. Modi also addressed issues of mutual interest with various leaders.

In one notable meeting, Modi raised India’s deep concerns regarding extremist elements in Canada supporting secessionism, inciting violence against Indian diplomats, and threatening the Indian community there. President Biden highlighted the partnership between India and the U.S., rooted in Mahatma Gandhi’s principle of trusteeship, shared between the two nations.

Russia praised the G20 Summit under India’s presidency as a “breakthrough,” highlighting its outcomes as a roadmap for addressing global challenges and showcasing the strength and importance of the Global South. PM Modi also discussed the enhancement of trade and infrastructure relations with Turkish President Erdogan.

Several world leaders at the G20 Summit congratulated Modi on the success of Chandrayaan-3. Japanese PM Kishida commended PM Modi for the “Mission LiFE” concept. European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen advocated for the creation of a new global framework for addressing artificial intelligence risks, emphasizing the importance of safeguarding society and encouraging responsible AI investments.

Furthermore, G20 leaders, including U.S. President Joe Biden, UK Prime Minister Rishi Sunak, and UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres, paid their respects to Mahatma Gandhi at his memorial, Rajghat.

*Student, Semester III

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